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Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins, as calcium sensors, play pivotal roles in plant responses to diverse abiotic stresses and in growth and development through interaction with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). However, knowledge about functions and evolution of CBLs in   Gossypium  plants is scarce. Here, we conducted a genome-wide survey and identified 13, 13 and 22 CBL genes in the progenitor diploid  Gossypium arboreum  and   Gossypium raimondii , and the cultivated allotetraploid  Gossypium hirsutum , respectively. Analysis of physical properties, chromosomal locations, conserved domains and phylogeny indicated rather conserved nature of CBLs among the three  Gossypium  species. Moreover, these CBLs have closer genetic evolutionary relationship with the CBLs from cocoa than with those from other plants. Most CBL genes underwent evolution under purifying selection in the three  Gossypium  plants. Additionally, nearly all   G. hirsutum  CBL (GhCBL) genes were expressed in the root, stem, leaf, flower and fiber. Many  GhCBLs  were preferentially expressed in the flower while several  GhCBLs  were mainly expressed in roots. Expression patterns of GhCBL genes in response to potassium deficiency were also studied. The expression of most   GhCBLs  were moderately induced in roots after treatments with low-potassium stress. Yeast two-hybrid experiments indicated that GhCBL1-2, GhCBL1-3, GhCBL4-4, GhCBL8, GhCBL9 and GhCBL10-3 interacted with GhCIPK23, respectively. Our results provided a comprehensive view of the  CBLs  and valuable information for researchers to further investigate the roles and functional mechanisms of the CBLs in   Gossypium .

Genome-wide identification of CBL family and expression analysis of CBLs in response to potassium deficiency in cotton