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Eastern spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferiana  Clemens) (ESBW) is a major forest pest which feeds on young shoots of white spruce ( Picea glauca ) and can cause landscape level economic and ecological losses. Release of acetophenone metabolites, piceol and pungenol, from their corresponding glycosides, picein and pungenin, can confer natural resistance of spruce to ESBW. A beta-glucosidase gene,  Pgβglu-1 , was recently discovered and the encoded enzyme was characterized  in vitro  to function in the release of the defensive acetophenone aglycons. Here we describe overexpression of  Pgβglu-1  in a white spruce genotype whose metabolome contains the glucosylated acetophenones, but no detectable amounts of the aglycons. Transgenic overexpression of  Pgβglu-1  resulted in release of the acetophenone aglycons  in planta . This work provides  in vivo  evidence for the function of  Pgβglu-1 .

In vivo function of Pgβglu-1 in the release of acetophenones in white spruce