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Background  The association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the  KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, CDKN2B,  and  FTO  genes in the Russian population has not been well studied. In this study, we analysed the population frequencies of polymorphic markers of these genes.    Methods  The study included 862 patients with T2DM and 443 control subjects of Russian origin. All subjects were genotyped for 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes using real-time PCR (TaqMan assays). HOMA-IR and HOMA- β  were used to measure insulin resistance and  β -cell secretory function, respectively.    Results  The analysis of the frequency distribution of polymorphic markers for genes  KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8  and  CDKN2B  showed statistically significant associations with T2DM in the Russian population. The association between the  FTO  gene and T2DM was not statistically significant. The polymorphic markers   rs5219   of the  KCNJ11  gene,   rs13266634   of the  SLC30A8  gene,   rs10811661   of the  CDKN2B  gene and   rs9465871  ,   rs7756992   and   rs10946398   of the  CDKAL1  gene showed a significant association with impaired glucose metabolism or impaired  β -cell function.    Conclusion  In the Russian population, genes, which affect insulin synthesis and secretion in the  β -cells of the pancreas, play a central role in the development of T2DM.

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Association of polymorphic markers of genes FTO, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Russian population