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Background.  The  GNPDA2  (glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 2) gene is a member of   Glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P) deaminase subfamily, which encoded an allosteric enzyme of GlcN6P. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown that variations of human  GNPDA2  are associated with body mass index and obesity risk, but its function and metabolic implications remain to be elucidated.  The object of this study was to characterize the gene structure, expression, and biological functions of  GNPDA2  in chickens.   Methods.  Variant transcripts of chicken  GNPDA2  and their expression were investigated using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) system and real-time quantitative PCR technology. We detected the  GNPDA2  expression in hypothalamic, adipose, and liver tissue of Xinghua chickens with fasting and high-glucose-fat diet treatments, and performed association analysis of variations of  GNPDA2  with productive traits in chicken. The function of  GNPDA2  was further studied by overexpression and small interfering RNA (siRNA) methods in chicken preadipocytes.   Results. Four chicken  GNPDA2  transcripts ( cGNPDA2 -a∼ cGNPDA2 -d) were identified in this study. The complete transcript  GNPDA2 -a was predominantly expressed in adipose tissue (subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat), hypothalamus, and duodenum. In fasting chickens, the mRNA level of  GNPDA2  was decreased by 58.8% ( P  < 0.05) in hypothalamus, and returned to normal level after refeeding. Chicken fed a high-glucose-fat diet increased  GNPDA2  gene expression about 2-fold higher in adipose tissue ( P  < 0.05) than that in the control (fed a basal diet), but decreased its expression in hypothalamus. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the  GNPDA2  gene were significantly associated with body weight and a number of fatness traits in chicken ( P  < 0.05).   Conclusion.  Our findings indicated that the  GNPDA2  gene has a potential role in the regulation of body weight, fat and energy metabolism in chickens.

Identification, expression and variation of theGNPDA2gene, and its association with body weight and fatness traits in chicken