Microbiome Research in Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a representative allergic disease that is accompanied with high disease prevalence and considerable socioeconomic burden. While the pathophysiology is largely unknown, the role of microbes in health and diseases has drawn attention. The development of metagenomics that is a recent advance in analyzing microbiome has enabled us to research how microbiome impacts the development and aggravation of AD. Skin microbiome and intestinal microbiome are assumed to affect the AD. Research has shown a difference in skin and intestinal microbial composition between AD patients and normal controls. Based on the findings of microbial impacts on the AD, efforts to use probiotics for the treatment or prevention of AD have been made. However, further research is needed until the firm conclusion is reached.