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¿Pachira aquatica, un indicador del límite del manglar?
Author(s) -
Dulce Infante Mata,
Patricia MorenoCasasola,
Carolina MaderoVega
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
revista mexicana de biodiversidad
Language(s) - Spanish
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2007-8706
pISSN - 1870-3453
DOI - 10.7550/rmb.32656
Subject(s) - mangrove , avicennia , wetland , estuary , salinity , ecology , rhizophora , biology , kandelia candel , forestry , environmental science , geography , botany
ResumenPachira aquatica ha sido considerada históricamente como elemento acompañante de los manglares americanos de Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans y Laguncularia racemosa. Esta especie posee semillas flotantes con grandes cotiledones y es criptovivípara. Desarrolla en el tallo contrafuertes y raíces adventicias. Soporta salinidades intersticiales de 8.4 ups y superficiales de más de 18.7 ups. En las planicies costeras donde la salinidad es baja, se mezcla con elementos de selva inundable, y donde la salinidad es mayor lo hace con especies de mangle. Sus semillas germinan en concentraciones de sal entre 0 y 9.2 ups. Se determinó el hidroperiodo de sitios de P. aquatica, el cual fluctúa entre 1.5 a −1 m con una inundación de 8-12 meses. El potencial redox del suelo varía entre 490 a −47 mV. Se elaboraron mapas de 2 lagunas costeras y un estero mostrando la distribución de los manglares y las selvas de P. aquatica alrededor de éstos. Con base en la información generada, se plantea considerar a P. aquatica como una especie de mangle de marea alta, y utilizar su distribución como límite de los manglares. Se sugiere que debe de ser considerada y protegida por las leyes mexicanas como una especie más de los manglares.AbstractPachira aquatica has historically been regarded as a companion to the American mangroves Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans and Laguncularia racemosa. This species has floating seeds with large cotyledons and is cryptoviviparous. On the stem it develops buttresses and aerial roots. It supports interstitial water salinities of 8.4 ups and superficial water of 18.7 ups. In the coastal plains where salinity is low it is mixed with elements of the floodplain forest and where the salinity is greater it appears with mangrove species. The seeds germinate in salt concentrations between 0 and 9.2 ups. Hydroperiod was determined in sites where the species is present, and ranges from 1.5 to −1 m with a flooding period of 8-12 months. Soil redox potential is from 490 to −47 mV. Maps were produced for 2 coastal lagoons and an estuary showing the distribution of mangroves and forested wetlands of P. aquatica around them. Based on the information generated, we propose P. aquatica should be considered as a high tide mangrove species and used as the distribution limit of mangroves. It is suggested that it should be considered and protected under Mexican law as one species of mangrove

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