Hemorrhoid: Pathophysiology and Surgical Management Literature review

Hemorrhoids remains the major problem in adult, though the incidence is difficult to be found accurately as mostly those with this kind of a disease were not expressed properly. The other reason is there are so many non–medical services in Indonesia involved in the treatment, particularly the alternative medicine. In gastro–intestinal clinic of dr Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital there were 150 patients treated annually during period of 2005–2010. The majority of chief complain found was the bloody defecation, particularly in second and third degree internal hemorrhoids. Male and female were found equal in the second to fifth decade of life.