The characteristics of trafficking in human beings in Hungary and Romania: Charakterystyka zjawiska handlu ludźmi na Węgrzech i w Rumunii

Hungary and Romania are both origin and transit countries for victims of trafficking, taking into consideration the lack of work opportunities and the deep poverty in some parts of these countries. The TIP Reports for 2019 list both Hungary and Romania on the Tier 2 Watch list for different reasons. National and international organisations report an alarmingly high number of trafficking cases in both countries, while the number of trafficking investigations and the sentences for these crimes are low. Since 2010, the leadership of the two countries has tried to meet American and European expectations through various measures. New laws have been created in both Hungary and Romania, and there are numerous regulations that deal with victims of trafficking in human beings (THB).  The study, based on the comparison of Romania and Hungary, provides insights into what are the characteristics of THB in these countries.