"INVESTIGATION OF SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF Beta Vulgaris var. altissima CULTIVATED IN EGYPT "

The phenolic compounds were isolated for the first time from the alcoholic extract of the non-flowering aerial parts of Beta vulgaris var. altissima (sugar beet) and were identified as: Apigenin, Luteolin, Apigenin 7-O-di-glucoside, Luteolin 4'-O-rhamnoside, Caffeoyl-6-(3,4-dihydroxy benzoyl) β-D-glucoside, Apigenin 5-O-rhamnoside, Isoscutellarein 7-O-glucosyl8-O-xyloside and 5, 7, 5'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy flavone 4'-O-glucoside. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through chromatographic and spectroscopic measurements. The n-hexane extract of the plant was fractionated to fatty acid methyl esters and unsaponifiable matter. The gas-liquid chromatography analysis of fatty acids methyl esters proved the presence of 13 fatty acids of which eicosenoic acid C20:1 (41.38%) was the main acid, while the gas liquid chromatography of the unsaponifiable matter substantiated the presence of a mixture of 28 components in which campesterol (23.85%), n-triacontane C30 (12.71%) and cholesterol (8.77%) were the major components. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (62.65%) with effective concentration 57.2 μg/ml using radical scavenging activity. The percent proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma was reduced to 69.5% and 72.4% on treatment with the ethyl acetate and the methanol extracts respectively at concentration 100 μg/ml.