The influence of haptic support algorithm dynamics on the efficacy of motor learning

Background: Repetitive task training, delivered either by a therapist or haptic robot is the core of modern rehabilitation of movement. In the current rehabilitation, robotics-based movement training the level of haptic support assisting the movement is rather stationary and may remain the same for periods of days. The aim of this paper was to investigate the influence of haptic support algorithms (HSA) dynamics on the outcome of motor learning.Methods: Twenty-seven neurologically intact participants, divided into three groups supported by dynamically different HSA, played a rather demanding two degrees of freedom motor task (virtual reality based table football) to learn wrist movements with their inferior arm. The evaluation before training without robotic support was followed by the training session and concluded with evaluation after training without robotic support. Results: The results showed significant improvement in all three groups, but the statistical analysis reveals the difference within groups. The selection of the HSA that is appropriate for the given motor task had a significant influence on the level of acquired motor skills after the training period.Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that for every motor task or equivalently for every motor ability of a particular subject such a HSA scheme exists and should be implemented that maximizes training effects in a limited number of training attempts.