Laboratory applications in open and distance learning

In this study, the practice of open and distance learning of laboratory applications which have an important place in education is discussed. The fact that learners in open and distance learning are away from learning resources has made it necessary to develop different solutions for laboratory applications. Looking at the historical process, it has been seen that various methods are used to obtain appropriate learning outputs in the disciplines that require laboratory applications. Intensive face-to-face laboratories, home experiment kits, and mobile laboratories, where learners can physically interact with and perform their laboratory instruments and equipment; Virtual laboratories, remote laboratories and virtual computing laboratories, where 21st century technologies are used, are at the forefront of these methods. Within the scope of the study, the advantages and limitations of these laboratory applications for open and distance learning are discussed.