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La asimetría, que no los hechos diferenciales, como nota distintiva del Estado autonómico
Author(s) -
José Tudela
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
revista de derecho político
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.278
H-Index - 4
eISSN - 2174-5625
pISSN - 0211-979X
DOI - 10.5944/rdp.101.2018.21968
Subject(s) - humanities , philosophy
Resumen : La categorizacion del Estado autonomico se ha desenvuelto desde su adscripcion al Estado regional en sus inicios, a su consideracion como uno de los rostros del federalismo en los ultimos anos. En cualquier caso, una de las caracteristicas que ha sido subrayada reiteradamente como nota distintiva del mismo, es el principio de emulacion. De acuerdo con el cual, la voluntad de igualacion de los distintos territorios mas el potencial tecnico del principio dispositivo, daria como resultado un modelo de organizacion territorial caracterizado por la homogeneidad. En estas paginas se pretende demostrar que, por el contrario, la Constitucion y la evolucion del Estado autonomico demuestran que la verdadera nota distintiva del mismo es la asimetria. La asimetria entendida como la voluntad de singularizacion constitucional de algunos territorios y por la respuesta que esa voluntad ha tenido a lo largo del tiempo. Si bien hubo un tiempo en el que la fuerza del principio de emulacion dio como resultado un Estado parcialmente simetrico, la posterior evolucion demostro las profundas raices de la asimetria como principio ideologico del modelo. Haber obviado esta dimension del Estado autonomico se encuentra entre las razones de su fracaso como proyecto de integracion. Abstract : The definition of the Spanish State of Autonomies has been changed over the past decades. While the State of Autonomies has been classified in its beginnings as a regional state, in recent years the model developed features similar to a federal country. Notwithstanding, one of the characteristics that has been frequently underlined as a distinguishing feature of the State of Autonomies is the principle of emulation. Following this principle, the trend to equalize the different territories, in addition to the potential of the «principio dispositivo», according to which all powers that have not been reserved to the central government could be assumed by the Autonomous Communities, would lead to a model of territorial organization characterized by homogeneity. In this text we will demonstrate that, on the contrary, the Constitution and the evolution of the State of Autonomies show that the distinctive feature of the State of Autonomies has been asymmetry. In this context, we understand asymmetry as the desire for a constitutionally guaranteed distinction of some territories and the reactions this constitutional asymmetry had over time. Although during a certain period the strength of the emulation principle lead to a partially symmetrical state, the successive evolution of the State of Autonomies demonstrated the deep roots of asymmetry as the ideological principle of the model. The fact that this feature has been underestimated can be considered as one of the reasons for the failure of the State of Autonomies as an integration project.  Summary 1. The debate on symmetry as the defining element of the State of Autonomies. 2. The constitutional basis of the debate. a. Political asymmetries. b. Recognised differences (hechos diferenciales). 3. Frustration, rebellion and emulation. 4. Nationality is everything and the need to go back to the origins. a. The Barcelona Declaration and its reflections on the Statute. b. The statutes of autonomy of the second-generation and the appearance of emulation. 5. A balance of what the future looks like

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