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Diferencias entre empleabilidad, inseguridad laboral y salud en trabajadores y desempleados
Author(s) -
Miguel Ángel Serrano,
Sandra Baena,
Francisco Molins
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
acción psicológica
Language(s) - Spanish
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2255-1271
pISSN - 1578-908X
DOI - 10.5944/ap.15.1.20945
Subject(s) - psychosocial , employability , psychology , job satisfaction , job insecurity , public health , medicine , welfare economics , nursing , humanities , social psychology , work (physics) , psychiatry , art , pedagogy , economics , mechanical engineering , engineering
Resumen El desempleo y la inseguridad laboral tienen efectos negativos sobre la salud, aunque la empleabilidad podria mediar dichos efectos. El presente articulo tiene como objetivo analizar las posibles diferencias entre trabajadores y desempleados en empleabilidad y variables de salud psicosocial, asi como explorar el papel de la empleabilidad y la inseguridad laboral en la salud psicosocial. Para esto, se utilizo metodologia cuasiexperimental, donde se administraron una serie de cuestionarios que evaluaban empleabilidad e inseguridad laboral a 97 trabajadores (35 desempleados y 62 en activo), junto a otras variables psicosociales y de salud. Los resultados muestran que la empleabilidad es mayor en desempleados y que, altas puntuaciones en este constructo se asocian a un menor malestar afectivo. Por otro lado, en la poblacion activa, tener altos niveles de inseguridad laboral tambien se asocian con malestar psicologico y baja satisfaccion y autoeficacia. Estos resultados se discuten  considerando que la empleabilidad podria estar actuando como un amortiguador de las consecuencias negativas derivadas del desempleo y la inseguridad laboral. Abstract Unemployment and job insecurity have negative effects on health, although employability may be able to mediate these effects. The objective of this article is to analyze the possible differences between workers and unemployed in employability and psychosocial health variables, as well as to explore the role of employability and job insecurity in the active population in psychosocial health. For this, quasiexperimental methodology was used, where a questionnaire evaluating employability, job insecurity and psychosocial health variables was administered to 97 workers (35 unemployed and 62 in active). Results showed that employability is higher in unemployed and that high scores in this construct are associated with negative emotions. On the other hand, in the active population, having high levels of job insecurity were associated with psychological distress and low satisfaction and self-efficacy. These results are discussed considering that employability could be buffer the negative health consequences derived from unemployment and job insecurity.

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