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Resumen El presente estudio analiza las relaciones entre la expectativa generalizada de Competencia Percibida (CP, Wallston, 1992) y el rendimiento y la reactividad de frecuencia cardiaca (FC) en una tarea perceptual con tres niveles de dificultad (bajo, medio y alto). Tambien se evaluaron variables mas contextualizadas como percepcion de amenaza y expectativas de autoeficacia y de exito. Los principales resultados pueden resumirse en los siguientes puntos: (1) los altos en CP (n=40) rendian mejor (tiempos de reaccion mas bajos y menos errores) que los bajos en CP (n=40), percibiendo menos amenaza, e informando expectativas de autoeficacia y de exito mas altas; (2) se encontraron interacciones significativas CP x dificultad para la reactividad de frecuencia cardiaca en tarea y en recuperacion, indicando diferencias entre ambos grupos en los niveles extremos de dificultad (facil: CP alto > CP bajo; dificil: CP bajo > CP alto); y (3) mientras el efecto de CP sobre el tiempo de reaccion fue directo, su efecto sobre el numero de errores estaba mediado por la autoeficacia especifica. Los resultados fueron discutidos teniendo en cuenta las relaciones entre competencia y rendimiento, entre esfuerzo invertido frente a amenaza percibida y reactividad fisiologica, y entre expectativas generalizadas frente a especificas y prediccion de la conducta. Abstract The aim of the present research was to analyse the relationship between Perceived competence (PC, Wallston, 1992) and performance and heart rate reactivity (HR) on a perceptual task with three levels of difficulty (easy, medium, difficult). More contextualized variables such as perception of threat, self-efficacy and success expectancies, were also analysed. Results can be summarized in the following points: (1) The group with higher PC (n=40) performed better (lower reaction time and error rate) than the group with lower PC (n=40). They also perceived less threat and informed of greater selfefficacy and success expectancies; (2) there were significant interactions between PC and the difficulties with the HR reactivity during the task and recovery periods, indicating differences between both groups in the extreme levels: easy (High PC > low PC) and difficult (Low PC > high PC); (3) the effect of PC on reaction time was direct whereas its effect on the error rate was mediated by self-efficacy. These results were discussed taking into account the relationships between the following variables: competence and performance, effort made versus perception of threat and physiological reactivity, and between generalized versus specific expectancies and behaviour prediction.

acción psicológica/acción psicológica

Competencia percibida y nivel de dificultad: rendimiento y reactividad de la frecuencia cardíaca [Perceived competence and level of task difficulty: Performance and heart rate reactivity]