Sombreamento de café (Coffea arabica L.) por araucária (Araucaria angustifolia L.) e seus efeitos na macrofauna e atributos físicos do solo (Coffee crop (Coffea arabica L.) shaded with araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia L.) and their effects on ...)

O cultivo de cafe e de fundamental importância para a economia do Brasil, em especial para o Estado de Minas Gerais. No entanto, considerando a crescente demanda por producao agricola mais sustentavel, ha necessidade de se utilizarem tecnicas de manejo que conciliem producao e conservacao ambiental. Neste contexto, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos gerados pelas diferentes intensidades de sombreamento do cafe por araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia L.) sobre a macrofauna, qualidade fisica do solo e, consequentemente, producao de graos. A area de estudo foi dividida em tres glebas distintas, considerando-se o grau de sombreamento proporcionado pela araucaria: cafe com sombreamento intenso (CSI), cafe com sombreamento medio (CSM) e cafe a sol pleno (CSP). Foram avaliados atributos fisicos do solo, macrofauna, fitomassas heterogeneas (incluindo serapilheira e plantas daninhas) e producao de graos. Verificou-se que o cultivo de cafeeiro em gleba medianamente sombreada (CSM) possibilitou, alem de producao de graos igual a do cafeeiro a pleno sol (CSP), melhorias na qualidade fisica, aumento no teor de materia orgânica, na diversidade e riqueza da macrofauna do solo. 120 A B S T R A C T Coffee cultivation has fundamental importance to the economy of Brazil, especially in the state of Minas Gerais. However, considering the growing demand for more sustainable agricultural production, there is need to use management techniques that balance production and environmental conservation. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of three levels of Araucaria ( Araucaria angustifolia L.) shading in coffee crop on macrofauna, soil physical quality and, thereby, grain production. The area was divided into three separate plots, considering the degree of shading due to Araucaria: coffee with severe shadowing (CSI), coffee with medium shadowing (CSM) and the full sun coffee (CSP). Soil physical, macrofauna, heterogeneous biomass (including litter and host plants) and grain production were evaluated. It was found that the cultivation of coffee in moderately shaded plot (CSM) allowed, in addition to grain production like coffee in full sun (CSP), improvements in physical quality, increase the organic matter content, diversity and richness of the soil macrofauna. Key-words: Shadding, Solar radiation, Production, Soil fauna . Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}