Incidence of lumpy skin disease and associated risk factors among export-oriented cattle feedlots at Adama District, Central Ethiopia

A study on incidence of lumpy skin disease (LSD) was conducted at 20 exports-oriented cattle feedlots found in Adama district in Central Ethiopia between June and December, 2011. The 11,189 bulls in the 20 exports-oriented feedlots were clinically examined and evaluated for LSD, its incidence, mortality and morbidity. The overall incidence and mortality rate of LSD in cattle feedlots was 6.1 and 1.8% respectively. Statistically significant difference was observed among sites of feedlots operations in incidence (χ = 251.4, df = 5, p < 0.05) and mortality rate (χ = 167.9, df = 5, p < 0.05). The overall case fatality of the disease was 30% with significant difference among all feedlot operation sites (χ = 326.7, df = 5, p < 0.05). Majority of the affected population was observed with variable degree of lameness that was accompanied with edema of limbs with the progression of the disease. The nodules became necrotic, and eventually a deep scab formed (sit-fast). The results of this study indicated that the complex epidemiological situation of the disease in Ethiopia needs more detailed investigation if improved vaccine-based control is to be achieved effectively and efficiently.