Haemolytic uraemic syndrome associated with Klebsiella empyema-case report and literature review

We report a 13 month old male with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) associated with Klebsiella empyema. He presented with fever, gastroenteritis and respiratory distress. Investigations showed left pleural effusion, and HUS. Blood and pleural exudate cultures grew Klebsiella pneumoniae. He died during chest tube insertion. Post mortem showed fibrinous empyema. Renal histology confirmed HUS. Klebsiella has not been previously described to cause HUS. This is the first case of HUS and empyema associated with invasive K. pneumoniae in the Niger Delta Region.    Key words: Acute renal failure, empyema, Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and Klebsiella.