The perils of artificial intelligence in healthcare: Disease diagnosis and treatment

For the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) and its related technologies have made remarkable advances in marketing and business solutions based on AI-driven big data analysis of customer queries, and it, when coupled with bioinformatics, seemingly holds out great promise for use in healthcare. In reality, however, AI is still largely a buzzword when it comes to disease diagnosis and treatment. This review addresses the uncertainty of AI applications to disease diagnosis and treatment, not only pinpointing AI’s inherent algorithmic problems in dealing with non-patternable stochastic healthcare data, but also revealing the innate fallacy of identifying genetic mutations as a tool for genome-based personalized medicine. Finally, this review concludes by presenting some insights into future AI application in healthcare.   Key words: Artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, bioinformatics, healthcare, genomic medicine, personalized medicine, reference genome, genetic variation.