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Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth is an endemic specie in northeast of Brazil. It is renowned for its medicinal properties, larvicidal and insecticidal actions. This work investigated the chemical compounds present in the methanolic extract of Croton heliotropiifolius and the cytotoxic activity. Physical-chemical analyses were performed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in the following tumour cell lines; acute promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human laryngeal carcinoma (hep-2), human lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma (NCI-H292). Results revealed the presence of flavonoids and absence of alkaloids, coumarins, saponins and condensed tannins. HPLC identified Gallic acid with retention time of 1.80 min. The infrared spectrum identified the presence of esters group at 1661 cm-1 of absorbance. On the other hand, the UV-Vis spectrum revealed bands of light absorbance on 268, 316, 406 nm indicating the presence of phenols and flavonoids. Results showed inhibition of cell growth of 59.5% on HL-60 cells, 46.5% on NCI-H292, 26.7% on Hep-2, and 21.7% on MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, the presence of phenolic compounds in the extract was demonstrated and a low to medium percentage of cell growth inhibition on tumour cell lines tested.   Key words: Croton, Croton heliotropiifolius, flavonoids, gallic acid, cytotoxicity, tumour lines.

Physicochemical characteristics and cytotoxic effect of the methanolic extract of Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth (Euphorbiaceae)