First report of the types TEM, CTX-M, SHV and OXA-48 of beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli, from Brazzaville, Congo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the emergence of beta-lactam resistance related to extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) encoding genes (TEM, SHV, CTX-M-1 and OXA-48) in Escherichia coli from Brazzaville. In the period between January 2016 and May 2017, 89 strains in E. coli were isolated from hospitalized patients, outpatients and domestic sewage. The E. coli strains were identified by the API 20E system. An antibiogram was performed on isolated trains by the disk diffusion method. The ESBL phenotype was detected using the synergistic technique according to CA-SFM (ESBL). Genes were detected using PCR and characterized by sequencing. An overall prevalence of 48.31 (43/89) and rates of 74.42, 23.26, 9.30, and 6.97% for blaTEM genes blaCTX-M-1, blaSHV and blaOXA-48 were detected. 25.58% were community strains and 74.42% hospital. The majority were isolated urine (81.40%) and the urology department was more represented. Except for imipenem, colistin strains of ESBL showed high resistance to other antibiotics than non-yielding ones (p <0.05). This high prevalence of detected ESBL, the high level of resistance to antibiotics raises fears of a high risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria and call on the authorities for a policy of monitoring resistance.   Key words: Escherichia coli, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), carbapenemases, Brazzaville.