Biogenic silver nanoparticles by Aspergillus terreus as a powerful nanoweapon against Aspergillus fumigatus

In the past few decades, nanoparticles have emerged as a field in biomedical research. Four isolated Aspergillus species were tested for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using their cell free filtrate (CFF). Silver nanoparticles of the most potent producer, Aspergillus terreus, were further characterized. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed their spherical shape, homog eneity and size range between 20 and 140 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the crystalline nature of the biogenic silver nanoparticles. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis indicated that the coordination behaviors between amino groups of the secreted fungal proteins and other functional groups present in the CFF may be liable for the reduction of silver ions to form stabilized protein-capped silver nanoparticles. They were stable in aqueous solution for four months of storage at room temperature under dark conditions. The biogenic silver nanoparticles showed remarkable antifungal activity against the human pathogenic fungus A. fumigatus. The spore cell wall, plasma membrane and the inner constituents were damaged as shown by TEM. Furthermore, comet assay proved high breakage of DNA.