Heterozygote polymorphisms of ARG16GLY and GLN27GLU ADRB2 gene is risk protective for obesity in Javanese population of Indonesia

The relationship between obesity and insulin resistance is influenced by various factors, including genetics. ADRB2 gene polymorphisms of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu showed inconsistent results toward obesity and insulin resistance in some populations. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of the genetic polymorphisms of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu of the ADRB2 gene and to analyze risk factors for obesity and insulin resistance in Javanese sample population. This study was conducted on 100 control and 100 obese subjects. Subjects were measured for body weight and height to determine body mass index. Waist hip ratio was calculated by dividing the size of waist circumference by hip circumference. Fasting blood glucose was measured with GOD-PAP methods, and plasma insulin levels was measured using ELISA. Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu ADRB2 gene polymorphisms were detected using the PCR-RFLP method. Results of polymorphisms of Arg16Gly showed that AG genotype decreased the risk of obesity with OR 0.264 (CI 95% : 0.119 – 0.585), p = 0,001 compared to the AA genotype. CG genotype of Gln27Glu increased the risk of obesity with RR 2.082 (CI 95% : 1.786 – 2.427). CC and CG genotypes toward GG genotype in the obese group had significant differences for plasma insulin, but were not significantly different for BMI, waist hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, and HOMA-IR. The combination of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu AG+CG decreased the risk of obesity compared to AA+GG; however, it was not associated with insulin resistance.   Key words: Obesity, insulin resistance, Arg16Gly polymorphisms, Gln27Glu polymorphisms.