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Two DNA-based fingerprinting techniques, simple sequence repeats (SSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses, were applied in sorghum germplasm analysis to compare suitability for quantifying genetic diversity. Twenty-two sorghum genotypes, representing an array of germplasm sources with important agronomic traits, were assayed for polymorphism using 32 RAPD primers and 28 sets of sorghum SSR primers. The results indicated that SSR markers were highly polymorphic with an average of 4.5 alleles per primer. The RAPD primers were less polymorphic with nearly 40% of the fragments being monomorphic. An analysis of genetic diversity among sorghum lines indicated that the genetic distances calculated from SSR data were highly correlated with the distances based on the geographic origin and race classifications. Based on the results of these studies, SSR markers appear to be particularly useful for the estimation of genetic similarity among diverse genotypes of sorghum. Key words : cluster, diversity, polymorphism, RAPD, Sorghum, SSR. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.2(10) 2003: 334-340

Phylogenetic diversity and relationships among sorghum accessions using SSRs and RAPDs