Impacts of climate change on global coffee production industry: Review

Next to petroleum oil, coffee is the most internationally transacted commodity in the world; consumers from all around purchase and enjoy coffee in their daily activities. Climate change has emerged in recent years as one of the most critical topics at almost all actors. The impact of climate variation in all producing countries is predicted to be negative, even though within each country, it would vary a lot. Temperature and rainfall conditions are considered to be important factors in defining potential coffee yield. Both factors interfere with the crop phonology, and consequently in productivity and quality. Coffee supply chains are likely to experience significant disruption due to climate variation over the next forty years. World population would rise to nine billion by 2050 and in this scenario, coffee production is also likely to decrease globally. Coffee price varies inversely with production changes and generates the largest price increase. To overcome these problems, the mitigation of global warming involving taking actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is an important option.   Key words: Climate variation, coffee price, coffee yield, world population.