Integration of Cyber-Physical Systems in EScience Environment: State-of-the-Art, Problems and Effective Solutions

The implementation of the concept of building an information society implies a widespread introduction of IT in all areas of modern society, including in the field of science. Here, the further progressive development and deepening of scientific research and connections presuppose a special role of e-science. E-science is closely connected with the innovative potential of IT, including the Internet technologies, the Internet of things, cyber-physical systems, which provide the means and solutions to the problems associated with the collection of scientific data, their storage, processing, and transmission. The integration of cyber-physical systems is accompanied by the exponential growth of scientific data that require professional management, analysis for the acquisition of new knowledge and the qualitative development of science. In the framework of e-science, cloud technologies are now widely used, which represent a centralized infrastructure with its inherent characteristic that is associated with an increase in the number of connected devices and the generation of scientific data. This ultimately leads to a conflict of resources, an increase in processing delay, losses, and the adoption of ineffective decisions. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and problems of integration of cyber-physical systems in the environment of e-science and ways to effectively solve key problems. The environment of e-science is considered in the context of a smart city. It presents the possibilities of using the cloud, fog, dew computing, and blockchain technologies, as well as a technological solution for decentralized processing of scientific data.