Optimal Realization of Universality of Peres Gate Using Explicit Interaction of Cells in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology

The essence of the technology business lies in the improvements and advancements that are continuously taking place in the industry. From vacuum tubes, diodes and transistors to the concepts of nano level designing have by and large created a revolution in the history of mankind. The biggest milestone in this journey has been the CMOS technology which has managed to survive for decades and is still an ongoing research area. However, advancing the technology includes many other dimensions which need to be taken care of. As the devices go on decreasing in size with the improving technology the power dissipation in them becomes a major issue. To counter this, a new logic called reversible logic has come into the pool of research. Further a shift from the transistor based paradigm is being explored to go down to ultra-small structures. A major breakthrough in this can be the Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Nanotechnology. In this paper we have given a review about how the reversible logic and QCA nanotechnology together result in ultra-low power designs. Further we have optimized the design of Peres reversible gate using the concepts of explicit interaction of cells in QCA and verified the universal functionality using the optimized designs.