Effects of Losartan and Vanillic Acid Co-Administration on Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress in Isolated Rat Heart

Background: Experimental studies have demonstrated that angiotensin II (ANG-II)-induced oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of I/R injury. Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of co-administration of losartan, as a selective ANG-II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker, and vanillic acid (VA), as an antioxidant, in I/R-induced oxidative stress in isolated rat heart. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided to sham, control, and five treatment groups (n = 10). Two doses of VA (5 and 10 mg/kg), one dose of losartan (20 mg/kg) alone, and one dose of losartan in combination with either doses of VA were administered orally for 10 days. The hearts were isolated and exposed to 30 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes reperfusion, using Langendorff apparatus. I/R-induced myocardial injury was assessed by estimating the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and myocardial creatine kinase (CK-MB) in coronary effluent at 5, 15, and 60 minutes of reperfusion. The oxidative stress in the hearts was assessed by estimating malondialdehyde (MDA). The effects of treatments on endogenous antioxidant enzymes were assessed by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). Results: There was a more significant decrease in the levels of LDH, CPK, CK-MB, and MDA as well as increase in the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx in groups that had received combined treatment in comparison to VA or losartan alone. Conclusions: It may be concluded that combination of losartan with higher dose of VA decreases ischemic markers and lipid peroxidation and augments endogenous antioxidant and hence, protects myocardium against I/R-induced oxidative stress injuries.