The Artificial Intelligence Approach for Diagnosis, Treatment and Modelling in Orthodontic

The discipline, science, and art of orthodontics are concerned with the face and ability to modify its growth. Orthodontists achieve their goals by manipulating the craniofacial skeleton, with particular emphasis on modifying the dentoalveolar region, external orthopedic forces are applied that mirror some techniques used in medical orthopedics. Most treatments, however, focus on modifying the occlusion and controlling dentoalveolar development and abnormal facial growth, thus, enormous amounts of designs and techniques invented in the diagnostic and treatment domains aiming at boolean etiological identification and optimized strategies of solution delivered. A valid problem assessment enables health providers to determine treatment need and priority, and as health care moves toward more stringent financial accountability. the inventory of the computer and its implementation in different medical field was of great interest, this interest are even greater with the artificial intelligence introduction (AI). The best definition for the phrase “AI” calls for formalization of the term “intelligence”. Psychologist and cognitive theorists are of the opinion that intelligence helps in identifying the right piece of knowledge at the appropriate instances of decision making [1,2].The phrase “AI” thus can be defined as the simulation of human intelligence on a machine. Thus, AI alternatively may be stated as a subject dealing with computational models that can think and act rationally [3-7]. The subject of AI spans a wide horizon. It deals with the various kinds of knowledge representation schemes, different techniques of intelligent search, various methods for resolving uncertainty of data and knowledge, diffrent schemes for automated machine learning and many others. Among the application areas of AI, we have Expert systems, Game-playing, and Theorem-proving, Natural language processing, Image recognition, Robotics and many others. This chapter aims at bringing the insight of interest to the conjugation relatively recently happened between orthodontics discipline and AI subject.