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Soil fertility decline is one of the factors that result in low productivity of turmeric (Curcuma longa, Zingiberaceae Lindl.,) in Ethiopia. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N rate and time of application on growth, yield, and quality of turmeric crops in Ethiopia. The trial consisted of five N rates: 0, 46, 69, 92, 115 kg ha(-1), and five split application times: full dose at emergence, two times (1/2), three times (1/3), four times (1/4), and five times (1/5) equally split applications, arranged in a split plot design with three replications. Plant heights, tiller number per plant, pseudo-stem girth, mother and finger rhizome numbers and weights, fresh rhizome yield, oleoresin and essential oil contents - all were significantly affected by the interaction effects of N rate and time of application. The three times split application of 115 kg N ha(-1) produced higher values of these crop characteristics. This application rate also produced a better yield and quality than did two times of application, the most commonly used practice. Therefore, turmeric producers in southwestern Ethiopia should apply 115 kg N ha(-1) in three equally split applications to improve turmeric yield and quality.

Growth, yield, and quality responses of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) to nitrogen fertilizer rate and timing of its application