Hemogram And Bone Marrow Morphology In Cases Of Pancytopenia

Objectives: This study was carried to identify the underlying etiopathology of pancytopenia and to find out the bone marrow morphology of aspiration smears.This study was conducted over a period of 12 months in the department of pathology. Bone marrow aspiration smears of patients fulfilling the criteria of pancytopenia and other hematological malignancies were examined. 70 cases underwent bone marrow aspiration mean age was 30 years (range 21 days to 80 years) 5 cases were children (3.5%), males 33 (23.1%), females 32 (22.4%). Male: Female ratio was1.03:1 .The commonest cause was erythroid hyperplasia seen in 28 cases (19.6% ) followed by normocellular marrow in 19 cases(13%), hematological malignancies in 9 cases( 6.3%) and Cryptococcus in 1 cases(0.7%).Multiple myeloma was the commonest hematological malignancy constituting 4 cases of all hematological malignancies . In children, commonest finding was normal bone marrow, while in adults erythroid hyperplasia was commonest finding followed by 9 cases of all hematological malignancies. The present study was carried out to determine the cause of pancytopenia and also establish diagnosis in other hematological malignancies. Bone marrow examination was able to establish diagnosis in 70 cases.Erythriod hyperplasia was the commonest diagnosis, followed by normocellular marrow and hematological malignancies.