Vertical distribution of pelagic cephalopods

Vertical Distribution of Pelagic\udCephalopods. Smithsonian Gontributions to Zoology, number 209, 51 pages, 31\udfigures, I 975.-The vertical distributions of pelagic cephalopods are analyzed,\udbased primarily on sturlies undertaken in the waters off California, Bermuda,\udand Hawaii. Much of the information is derived from midwater trawl nets\udequipped with closing apparatus. Each family that contains pelagic or quasipelagic\udspecies is discussed; selected records from the Iiterature are inciuded\udwhere necessary.\udA wide variety of patterns of vertical distribution exists among pelagic cephalo.\udpods; patterns may be associated with stage of maturity, die! rhythms, or seasonal\udbehavior. The study revealed that several basic types of vertical distributional\udpatterns occur: near-surface dwellers, first order die! vertical migrators, second\udorder die! vertical migrators, die! vertical shifters, die! vertical spreaders, nonmigrators, vertical wanderers, species associated with the .ocean bottom, species\udexhibiting ontogenetic descent