Molecular Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induced by Inorganic Fluoride
Author(s) -
Natalia I. Agalakova,
Г. П. Гусев
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
isrn cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2090-7389
pISSN - 2090-7370
DOI - 10.5402/2012/403835
Subject(s) - fluoride , apoptosis , signal transduction , oxidative stress , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , cytochrome c , mitochondrion , reactive oxygen species , caspase , kinase , biochemistry , programmed cell death , biology , inorganic chemistry
Fluoride (F) is ubiquitous natural substance and widespread industrial pollutant. Although low fluoride concentrations are beneficial for normal tooth and bone development, acute or chronic exposure to high fluoride doses results in adverse health effects. The molecular mechanisms underlying fluoride toxicity are different by nature. Fluoride is able to stimulate G-proteins with subsequent activation of downstream signal transduction pathways such as PKA-, PKC-, PI3-kinase-, Ca2
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