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FOREST FIRE RISK FORECAST FOR THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGES
Author(s) -
Tatiane Lima Ho,
Antônio Carlos Batista,
Alexandre França Tetto
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
floresta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.386
H-Index - 13
eISSN - 1982-4688
pISSN - 0015-3826
DOI - 10.5380/rf.v47i4.50877
Subject(s) - climate change , environmental science , climate change scenario , scenario analysis , environmental resource management , weighting , ecosystem , climatology , geography , ecology , mathematics , statistics , medicine , radiology , biology , geology
Forest plays a fundamental role in the environmental balance, mainly in the regulation of the climate, main variable that interferes in the propagation of fire in a forest fire. Climate change is caused by astronomic, natural and anthropogenic factors, the latter being primarily responsible for the change in the fire regime. There is a projection that there will be climate changes over the next 100 years, which will result in an impact on forest ecosystems. Therefore, this study aimed to was to determine, by decade, the Forest Fire Risk Zone Mapping (FFRZM) for the state of Santa Catarina by considering the average of two scenarios for the increase of the temperature of the Earth until 2100 (1 °C for the best-case scenario and 2.2 oC for the worst-case scenario) that were foreseen by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2013. For this purpose, eight variables classified according to fire risk and integrated in a weighting model were used. The results showed that, for both scenarios, there will be an increase of 11.48% in the best-case scenario and 10.83% in the worst-case scenario in the extreme risk class from 2010 to 2100. For the low risk one, we estimate that there will be an increase of 8.13% in the best-case scenario and 11.62% in the worst-case scenario. The study reveals that if there is an increase in the temperature of the Earth, there may be an increase in the number of forest fire occurrences in the state of Santa Catarina for both scenarios. Thus, it is necessary a greater action on the prevention and combat in the areas defined as extreme risk. Keywords : fuel load, Monte Alegre Formula, topography, population density, road system. Resumo Previsao do risco de incendios florestais para o estado de Santa Catarina em funcao das mudancas climaticas A floresta desenvolve um papel fundamental no equilibrio ambiental, principalmente, na regulacao do clima, variavel principal que interfere na propagacao do fogo em um incendio florestal. As mudancas climaticas sao causadas por fatores astronomicos, naturais e antropogenicos, sendo este ultimo o principal responsavel pela mudanca no regime do fogo. Ha uma projecao de que havera alteracoes climaticas nos proximos 100 anos, o que ocasionara um impacto nos ecossistemas florestais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar, por decenio, o Zoneamento de Risco de Incendios Florestais (ZRIF) para o estado de Santa Catarina, considerando a media de dois cenarios de aumento da temperatura da Terra ate 2100 (1 oC para o melhor cenario e 2,2 oC para o pior cenario) previstos pelo Painel Intergovernamental de Mudancas Climaticas (IPCC) em 2013. Para isso, foram utilizadas oito variaveis, que foram classificadas em funcao do risco de incendios e integradas em um modelo de ponderacao. Os resultados mostraram que, para ambos os cenarios, havera um aumento na classe de risco extremo de 11,48% no melhor cenario e de 10,83% no pior cenario no periodo de 2010 a 2100. Para o risco baixo, estima-se que havera um aumento de 8,13% no melhor cenario e de 11,62% no pior cenario. Conclui-se que, caso haja   aumento na temperatura da Terra, podera haver um aumento no numero de   ocorrencias de incendios florestais no estado de Santa Catarina para ambos os   cenarios,  Sendo necessaria uma maior acao de prevencao e combate nas areas   definidas como risco extremo. Palavras-chave : material   combustivel, Formula de Monte Alegre, topografia, densidade demografica,   sistema viario.

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