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The north littoral region of Rio Grande do Sul is a coastal zone segment where a sequence of environments organized in a longitudinal orientation to the coast occurs. A sedimentary coastal plain is identified landwards from the shoreline, formed by dunes deposits and by interconnected coastal lagoons, and extending its area up to the scarps of the Planalto Meridional (basement highlands), which are deeply incised by the valleys of Maquine and Tres Forquilhas rivers. The relationships between society and nature have increased in the last decades, in special in the Coastal Zone, due to the urbanization processes, among other factors. However, the quick grow of urbanization resulted in some problems for an environment that is characterized by an ecosystem diversity of great sensibility. The analysis of the index of social-economic development allows classifying the north littoral region of Rio Grande do Sul in a profile of a medium development rate. The investments on healthy and education of the last years have increased the regional socio-economical indicators. However, more investments are necessary in key-sectors of the study area, mainly in respect to: the demand for high school opportunities, availability of water by a general net, collection and discharge of urban effluents and waste disposal. The most significant environmental changes, increased during summer months (December to March), are related to the high demand and quality of waters, the high demand for healthy services, beach quality, sanitary collapse, disposal of residual solids, conflicts on the use of the beach area, increase on the number of irregular properties, water, sound and visual pollution, a general lack of respect to the environment, among others. Key-words: littoral; environmental problems; social-economic indicators.

Litoral norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul: indicadores socioeconômicos e principais problemas ambientais