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Background: Alterations of the serotonergic neurotransmission system have been suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders including major depressive disorders (MDD). Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) 1 gene has been proposed as a candidate gene for MDD in Caucasian and Chinese populations from different countries. However, there is no comprehensive study of TPH1 gene in the MDD samples from Malaysia. Objective: We examined the possible association between the two intronic polymorphisms, A218C (rs1800532) and A779C (rs1799913), and MDD in the three main ethnic groups of the Malaysian population. Methods: We enrolled and genotyped 265 unrelated patients and 332 unrelated healthy subjects using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Results: We observed no significant association in the genotype and allele frequencies between the MDD patients and control subjects for either of the tested polymorphisms, whereas the linkage disequilibrium (LD) among the three ethnicities and combined samples were strong (D’ >0.8). Conclusion: In summary, our preliminary study suggests that the TPH1 gene may be associated with the MDD in the Indian population. However, further studies using larger sample sizes are necessary in order to verify this result. The ability of obtaining the MDD patient’s genotypic data, in addition to the diagnosis of the myriad of symptoms, will most definitely be able to assist clinicians to better care, manage, and treat their patients.

Association study of the tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene with major depressive disorder in three ethnic groups of the Malaysian population