Evaluation of Three Accelerometer Devices for Physical Activity Measurement Amongst South Asians and Europeans

We recruited 62 South Asians and 40 Europeans aged 25 to 75 years, to assess the potential validity of three physical activity accelerometers for use amongst South Asians. Participants completed an exercise treadmill test (following Bruce protocol) while wearing the 3 accelerometers: Actigraph GT3X+ [GT3X+] and Geneactiv [GA] on ankle, waist and wrist; and Actiheart [AH] on chest. We compared relationships between energy expenditure (EE) measured by accelerometers (Measured) and actual EE on the treadmill (Actual) in the two ethnicities and tested for potential confounding effects. All accelerometers under-reported EE. Difference between Measured and Actual EE was smallest for GT3X+ankle (Measured – Actual at peak exercise [Mets]: GT3X+ankle –6.52 (1.77); GT3X+waist –8.46 (1.29); GT3X+wrist –11.17 (1.03); GAankle –8.17 (1.19); GAwaist –10.24 (0.64); GAwrist –11.21 (1.10); AHchest –9.09 (1.43), P 0.05). Relationship between Measured and Actual EE was not influenced by age, gender, height, waist, weight or waist-hip ratio (all P > 0.05). Amongst the devices and positions tested, GT3X+ankle is the most accurate device for measuring EE during an exercise treadmill test. Accelerometer performance is similar in South Asians and Europeans and is not influenced by anthropometric differences between the two populations.