Pleuropulmonary blastoma presenting as a complicated pleural effusion

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare tumour of mesenchymal cells. We present a case of PPB in a child, which presented to the emergency department with an extensive pleural effusion. We discuss the radiological features, pathology, classification and treatment of this condition. This case reiterates the importance of considering this diagnosis prior to surgical intervention, to improve the long term prognosis of this aggressive disease.