Henry David Thoreau e a Moderna Tradição Libertária
Author(s) -
António Cândido Franco
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
anglo saxónica/anglo saxónica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.103
0eISSN - 2184-6006
pISSN - 0873-0628
DOI - 10.5334/as.27
Subject(s) - philosophy , humanities , politics , civil disobedience , law , political science
This essay is a tentative placement of Henry David Thoreau’s work within anarchism as a definite political system and libertarian thinking in general. To this end, a parallel is drawn with thinkers such as Pierre-Joseph Proudhon or Anselme Bellagarrigue, almost his contemporaries, and we try to analyze the depths of the author’s texts, especially those with the greatest immediate social impact. That is, we privilege the texts that display affinities with libertarian political thought as it was being elaborated in the Europe of the time. Notions such as “self-government”, rooted in the American liberal tradition, and “civil disobedience” are operative in this field, allowing for the author’s unsystematic but fruitful connection to libertarian thinking in general. The essay shall conclude by foregrounding the history of the American author’s reception by anarchist historians, who ignored him until the early twentieth century, that is, until Max Nettlau’s work. Only in the second half of the twentieth century did the author of the essay “On the Duty of Civil Disobedience” fully integrate all, even the most essential, stories of anarchism. Portugal did not escape this trend and the first known reference to Thoreau in the Portuguese libertarian press is from 1977. Resumo Trata-se da tentativa de situar a obra de Henry David Thoreau dentro do anarquismo como sistema politico definido e do pensamento libertario em geral. Estabelece-se para isso um paralelo com pensadores como Pierre-Joseph Proudhon ou Anselme Bellagarrigue, quase seus contemporâneos, e ensaia-se perceber por dentro dalguns dos textos do autor, sobretudo aqueles que maior impacto social imediato tiveram, o que pode haver de afinitario com o pensamento politico libertario tal como ele estava a ser elaborado na Europa do tempo. Nocoes como “auto-governo”, com raizes fundas na tradicao liberal estadunidense, e “desobediencia civil” mostram-se operativas nesse campo, permitindo uma ligacao nao sistematica mas fecunda do autor ao pensamento libertario em geral. Finaliza-se com uma chamada de atencao para a historia da recepcao do autor americano junto dos historiadores do anarquismo, que o ignoraram ate ao inicio do seculo XX, quer dizer, ate a obra de Max Nettlau. So na segunda metade do seculo XX o autor do ensaio “On the duty of civil disobedience” passou a integrar de pleno direito todas as historias, mesmo as mais essenciais, do anarquismo. Portugal nao fugiu a esta tendencia e so em 1977 se da nota da primeira referencia a Thoreau na imprensa libertaria portuguesa. Palavras-chave: Thoreau; anarquismo; pensamento libertario
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