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SUMMARY. The Nursing teaching appears in Brazil in the end of the last century in a process of confrontation of powers among State, church and medicine. Its institutionalisation is executed only thirty years after the creation of the School of Nurses of the National Department of Public Health (DNSP) in 1923, following English model of Florence Nightingale, however imported of the USA. The objective of the creation of the school was to answer to qualified personnel's needs in the combat and control of the Fever Yellows. Like this, the State implements a job market of public health in the sense of promoting the Carlos Chagas health policy reformulation. Considering that this was a quite rich period in events that delineated the contours of Brazilian Nursing at the present time, this study intends to know the movements of expansion of the Schools of Nursing in the first half of this century inserted in a context social, political and economical with views to clarify certain subjects that make possible the reflection about this phase of the history of Nursing and your possible relationships with the present and with the future, through a bibliographical study. The teaching of Nursing in our country emerges in a historical moment in that the subject of the health wins new dimensions to the first lines of a politics of health appear while one of the attributions of the State. In spite of it being institutionalised in 1923, your consolidation is only executed in 1949 with the Law 775, resultant of professional pressures through the Brazilian Association of Nursing (ABEn). In the subsequent decades to the creation of the School of Nurses of DNSP, there was a significant growth of the number of schools in the country in agreement with the determinant social, political and economical accompanying the educational politics and of health, being important the paper exercised by ABEn in the movement of expansion of the Nursing schools, adopting measures that looked for the qualification of the teaching

A EXPANSÃO DAS ESCOLAS DE ENFERMAGEM NO BRASIL NA PRIMEIRA METADE DO SÉCULO XX