Machine-Induced Backgrounds: their Origin and Loads on ATLAS/CMS

A detailed analysis of machine-induced backgrounds (MIB) in the LHC collider detectors is performed with focus on origin and rates for three sources: tertiary beam halo, beam-gas interactions and kicker prefire. Particle fluxes originating from these operational and accidental beam losses are carefully calculated with the MARS15 code and presented at the entrance to the ATLAS and CMS experimental halls. It is shown that background rates in detector subsystems strongly depend on the origin of MIB, particle energy and type. Using this source term, instantaneous and integrated loads on the detectors and impact on the detector performance can be derived.