Prevalence of Accessory Bones of the Foot in Turkish Patients

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of accessory bones of the foot by age and gender in a Turkish patient group. Methods: Dorsoplantar and lateral foot radiographs acquired from the data related to outpatient clinics patients in 2014 were retrospectively examined for the presence of accessory bones. The computed radiography images were evaluated via a picture archiving and communication system. A total of 8204 radiographs were assessed and 6779 radiographs were found to be eligible for inclusion in the study. Results: 47.4% of the radiographs were from males and 52.5% females. The prevalence of accessory bones in the whole study group was found to be 18.1%. Gender analysis showed that 17.5% of the female radiographs and 16.4% of the male radiographs had accessory bones. Among all the accessory bones found in the study group, os tibiale externum was found to be the most common accessory bone (32.1%). Conclusion: In the present study, no significant difference was detected in terms of gender. Os tibiale externum was found to be the most common accessory bone of the foot. Os peroneum and os trigonum were found to be the second and third most common, respectively.