Comparison Between Tidal Volume and Vital Capacity Breathing Techniques of Preoxygenation in Patients with Ineffective Facemask Seal

Objective: The purpose of this research was to compare the mean hemoglobin oxygen de-saturation time by using tidal volume breathing technique for three minutes and eight vital capacity breathing technique for preoxygenation in patients with ineffective face mask seal. Methods: This study included 60 patients with beard, moustache, large nasal bridge, facial anomalies, nasogastric tube and edentulous patients. They were randomized into 2 groups after achieving documented informed consent. Group-A was preoxygenated with TV breathing technique for three minutes at an oxygen flow of 10 litres per minute. Whereas, Group-B was preoxygenated with eight VC breaths for one minute at an oxygen flow of 10 litres per minute. Results: The age of the participants varied from 22 years to 65 years with an average of 44.63±10.03 years. There were 29(48.3%) male and 31(51.7%) female patients in the research group. Both the groups were comparable in respect of mean age (p=0.839) and gender distribution (p=0.796). The mean hemoglobin oxygen desaturation time was considerably longer in VC breathing group (6.77±1.10 vs. 3.43±.50 minutes; p=0.000) in contrast to TV breathing group regardless of age and gender of patients. Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin oxygen desaturation time was substancially longer in vital capacity breathing group (6.77±1.10 vs. 3.43±.50 minutes; p=0.000) in contrast to tidal volume breathing group regardless of patient's age and gender in patients with ineffective face mask seal undergoing elective surgery.