Evidence-based management for osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in humans, and it has caused major public health problems. Though osteoporosis affects all ages, its prevalence will increase as the population ages worldwide. In recent surveys of the Korean population, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 32.6% in women aged 50 years and above. Osteoporosis can be prevented, diagnosed easily, and treated before any fracture occurs. The active involvement of medical personnel and patients is needed. The prevention and management of osteoporosis are similar to other lifestyle-related diseases. Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, fall prevention, and avoidance of tobacco use and excessive alcohol intake are recommended for the general population. Bone mineral density testing and drug treatment must be considered to manage the risk factors of high risk groups. In this study, we review Korean and international research trends, and attempt to present an evidence-based strategy for the management of osteoporosis.