Detection of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion using Fractal Analysis

Human retina consists of repeating pattern of arteries and veins. This repeating pattern is known as Fractals. Fractal Dimension is the quantity which is to be determined for analyzing disorder in retina using fractal analysis. There are two disorders of retina which leads to complete vision loss. They are Occlusion and Diabetic Retinopathy. Occlusion is due to arteries crossing over vein leading to bursting of vein which causes hemorrhage. There are three types of occlusions. They are Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO), Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) and Hemi-Retinal Vein Occlusion (HRVO). CRVO affects the center vein of retina, BRVO occurs at the branch of vein and Hemi-retinal affects the sub veins of main vein in retina. Out of these occlusions, Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) occurs most commonly. Diabetic Retinopathy is seen in diabetes patients. Their fractal dimension is different than that of occlusion patients. The paper concentrates on using fractal analysis for detection of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion. The methods to determine fractal dimensions are Box Counting Method, Mass-Radius Method and Density-Density Correlation Method. Out of which Box Counting and Mass-Radius Method gives more accurate results.