A Print-Scan Resilient Watermarking based on Fourier Transform and Image Restoration

print-scan operation is still challenging in the watermarking community, some watermarking techniques were proposed in the literature to deal with this operation. These watermarking techniques are still very sensitive to degradations produced by the print-scan process. This paper investigates a watermarking technique in the Fourier domain that is robust to degradation produced when an image is printed in physical support then rescanned. The watermark is embedded in a middle frequency band of the discrete Fourier transform of an image using the improved spread spectrum technique. Some image restoration techniques were implemented. They were tested on images which were watermarked, printed and then rescanned before the watermark extraction. Experimental results clearly show the advantage of using the proposed approach. KeywordsFourier transformation, spread spectrum, print-scan, image restoration.