Energy Efficient Homogeneous and Heterogeneous System for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs), it is an important task to periodically collect data from an area of interest for time-sensitive applications. The Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a type of the wireless ad-hoc networks. It consisting of a large number of sensors is effective for gathering data in a variety of environments. The sensed data must be gathered and transmitted to a base station for further processing to meet the end-user queries. Since the sensors operate on battery of limited power, it is a great challenging aim to design an energy efficient routing protocol, which can minimize the delay while offering high- energy efficiency and long span of network lifetime. In this paper, we first completely analyzes the basic distributed clustering routing protocol LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), which is a homogeneous system then proposed a new routing protocol and data aggregation method in Leach- heterogeneous system which the sensor nodes form the cluster and the cluster-head elected based on the residual energy of the individual node calculation with re-clustering scheme is adopted in each cluster of the WSNs. In the Leach-Heterogeneous system the energy efficiency is increased near to 40% than Leach- Homogeneous system and lifetime of the networks also increased. Simulation results using MATLAB are shows that the proposed Leach- heterogeneous system significantly reduces energy consumption and increase the total lifetime of the wireless sensor network compared to the homogeneous LEACH protocol.