Perspectivas del abordaje respiratorio estratégico en post cirugía pediátrica de cardiopatía congénita

Introduccion: Resaltar aspectos estrategicos del abordaje respiratorio radica en la prevencion de factores de riesgo que eviten a gran escala secuelas cronicas ligadas a co-morbi mortalidad siendo este una problematica de Salud Publica en el Ecuador. Objetivos: Determinar los principales factores frecuente que inciden en el riesgo de las areas de recuperacion post quirurgica. Metodos: La presente investigacion de rasgo cuali-cuantitativo, no experimental, espectro transversal, y caracteristica descriptiva, exploratoria con recoleccion de datos del historial clinico de hospital de referencia publico nacional (MSP-HFIB), en instrumento disenado y evaluado por expertos para posterior procesamiento estadistico, de poblacion y muestra en 133 pacientes intervenidos. Resultados: el procesamiento con pruebas de Chi cuadrado de sus variables con identificacion estadistica de factores relevantes, como el predominio de casos del genero masculino con 70 pacientes conformando el 52,6%, sobre 63 pacientes femeninos que constituye un 47,4%, otra notable relacion fue: edad, dias de ventilacion mecanica/via aerea artificial, observacion al estado de alta medica. Identifico que, en menores edades con diagnostico e intervencion ejecutadas, con soportes y procedimientos criticos durante menor tiempo (Transquirurgico - 16 horas o menos), aumento la tendencia que aleja la predisposicion de adquirir otras patologias. Conclusiones: Se observo beneficios y proporcionalidad de la aplicacion de estrategias continuas y actualizadas en su abordaje, destacando conservar la proteccion del aspecto neurologico-respiratorio mitigando efectos colaterales modificables, que restringe la proyeccion de su autonomia y calidad de vida de los pacientes intervenidos. Palabras clave: estrategias, prevencion, comorbilidades, respiratorias. AbstractIntroduction: Highlighting strategic aspects of the respiratory approach lies in the prevention of risk factors that avoid chronic sequelae linked to co-morbi mortality on a large scale, this being a Public Health problem in Ecuador. Objective: To determine the main frequent factors that affect the risk of post-surgical recovery areas. Methods: The present investigation is a qualitative-quantitative, non-experimental, transversal spectrum, and descriptive characteristic exploratory. With a data collection of the national public reference hospital (MSP-HFIB). An instrument designed and evaluated by experts for later Statistical, population and sample processing in 133 operated patients. Results: The processing with Chi-square tests of its variables with statistical identification of relevant factors, such as the prevalence of male cases with 70 patients, making up 52.6%, over 63 female patients, which constitutes 47.4%. Another Remarkable relationship was: age, days of mechanical ventilation / artificial airway, observation of medical discharge status, identifying that in younger ages with diagnosis and intervention performed, with supports and critical procedures for a shorter time (Transsurgical - 16 hours or less ), increased the tendency that moves away the predisposition to acquire morbid mortality. Conclusions: Benefits and proportionality of the application of continuous and updated strategies in its approach were observed, highlighting the protection of the neurological-respiratory aspect. Application and monitoring that mitigates modifiable side effects, which restricts the projection of their autonomy and quality of life of the operated patients. Keywords: strategies, prevention, comorbidities, respiratory.