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Au Senegal, la gestion des dechets occupe une place centrale dans la politique environnementale de l’Etat. L’objectif de cette etude est de valoriser les dechets fermentescibles par compostage comme alternative a l’enfouissement des dechets. Le compostage a ete realise en andain de 1,5 m de cote soit une surface de 2,25 m 2 . Au 45ieme jour de compostage, le pallier de temperature observe caracterise la maturation et la stabilite du compost. La maturite du compost a ete evaluee par le rapport C/N combine aux parametres physico-chimiques tels que le pourcentage de la matiere organique totale, le pH et les tests de phytotoxicite. Les pH releves sont voisins de la neutralite, variant entre 7,3 et 8,5 avec une valeur de 7,6 au demarrage. L’etude de l’evolution de la temperature au cours du processus de compostage montre que la temperature de depart varie considerablement jusqu’a 77 °C. Apres tamisage, on a obtenu une masse de compost mur de 145,2 kg soit un ratio 56,2% entre la masse de compost mur et la masse de matiere organique initiale. Le rapport C/N a connu une baisse passant de 24% a 16%. L’utilisation du compost mur a permis d’ameliorer la germination du mais et de l’arachide, en sol sablonneux. Les Coliformes fecaux ainsi que Pseudomonas aeruginosa et les bacteries Anaerobies Sulfito-Reductrices sont presents en quantite moderee dans le compost mur. Ce travail a permis de valoriser les dechets organiques a l’Ecole Superieure Polytechnique par la production de compost utilise pour ameliorer le rendement de certains plants et entretenir les espaces verts. Mots cles : Compostage, dechets fermentescibles, boues d’epuration, phytotoxicite. English Title: Compost recovery of fermentable solid waste collected at the Ecole Superieure Polytechnique of the Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar: Study of the phytotoxic effect on maize and peanut plants In Senegal, waste management occupies a central place in the State's environmental policy. The objective of this study is to valorize the fermentable waste by composting as an alternative to landfilling waste. The composting was carried out in a swath. After 45 days of composting, the level of temperature observed characterizes the maturation and stability of the compost. The maturity of the compost was evaluated by the C / N ratio combined with the physicochemical parameters such as the percentage of the total organic matter, the pH and the phytotoxicity tests. The pH values are close to neutrality, varying between 7.3 and 8.5 with a value of 7.6 at startup. The study of the evolution of the temperature during the composting process shows that the starting temperature varies considerably up to 77 °C. After sieving, a mass of mature compost of 145.2 kg was obtained. The ratio of the mass of mature compost to the initial mass of organic matter is 56.2%. The C / N ratio dropped from 24% to 16%. Mature compost has improved germination of corn and peanut. Faecal Coliforms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Sulfite-Reducing Anaerobes are present in moderate amounts in mature compost. This work has made it possible to promote organic waste at the Polytechnic School by producing compost used to improve the yield of certain plants and to maintain green spaces.  Keywords : Composting, fermentable waste, sewage sludge, phytotoxicity.

international journal of biological and chemical sciences

Valorisation par compostage des déchets solides fermentescibles collectés à l’Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar: Etude de l’effet phytotoxique sur des plants de maïs et d’arachide