Larvicidal and insecticidal properties of some marine sponges collected in Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar waters

Among marine invertebrates, sponges are one of the most productive marine ecosystems, with regard to presence of novel bio-active compounds. Few sponges (n = 18) were collected from Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar waters of India and their methanol and dichloromethane (1:1) extracts were screened for larvicidal and insecticidal properties. Among them, around 40% of test extracts were active against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (Linn) and three to four day old of female houseflies, Musca domestica (Linn) at the concentrations of less than 100 ppm and 100 µg/insect respectively. Among the sponges Psammaplysilla purpurea and Haliclona cribricutis were found to be more active with both larvicidal and insecticidal properties. Considering both these activities, the following sponges Psammaplysilla purpurea, Haliclona cribricutis, Dendrilla nigra, Haliclona pigmentifera and Petrosia testudinaria could be used to obtain novel pesticidal molecules.