Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: External Beam Radiation Therapy Induced Thyroiditis Mimics Residual Disease on Serial 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging | Zendy

William Makis | Zendy; Anthony Ciarallo | Zendy; Stephan Probst | Zendy

Open Access

Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: External Beam Radiation Therapy Induced Thyroiditis Mimics Residual Disease on Serial 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging

Author(s) -

William Makis,

Anthony Ciarallo,

Stephan Probst

Publication year - 2018

Publication title -

molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.292

H-Index - 7

eISSN - 2147-1959

pISSN - 2146-1414

DOI - 10.4274/mirt.07088

Subject(s) - medicine , nuclear medicine , radiation therapy , lymphoma , thyroid , positron emission tomography , radiology , pet ct , biopsy , pathology

A 67-year-old female patient with no prior history of benign thyroid disease was diagnosed with primary thyroid lymphoma and was staged with 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). She was treated with chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy, and a follow-up PET/CT showed significant reduction in the size of the thyroid lymphoma with persistent intense 18 F-FDG uptake, which was interpreted as partial response to therapy. However, two subsequent PET/CT studies showed no change in the persistent intense 18 F-FDG uptake in the thyroid and a biopsy confirmed the presence of thyroiditis with no evidence of residual lymphoma. Follow-up PET/CTs performed over the subsequent three years showed stable intensely 18 F-FDG avid thyroiditis with no evidence of lymphoma recurrence. We present the imaging characteristics of a long term radiation treatment induced thyroiditis mimicking 18 F-FDG avid residual disease on PET/CT.

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